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When Heat Becomes the Invisible Enemy of the PCB


🖋️ Par Stefano Morlacchi
CAE Application Engineer at Var Industries S.A.S.

A new way to model real PCB thermal behaviour
with speed and precision
Behind the scenes of modern electronics, a silent battle is underway. Components shrink, functions multiply, current levels climb… and heat quietly seeps in everywhere.
Even with a perfectly routed PCB and a flawless copper layout, a discreet phenomenon can destabilize everything: thermal rise.

Engineers know it well: a deviation of just a few degrees can compromise the reliability of an entire product. Yet accurately modelling this reality remains a major challenge. Traditional tools only "see" averaged materials. Full 3D modelling, on the other hand, demands excessive computation time.
So how can you capture the true thermal behaviour of a PCB without sacrificing precision or design cycles?

This is where SMART PCB, Siemens technology integrated into Simcenter FLOEFD and Simcenter Flotherm, comes into play.
SMART PCB: A Thermal Model That Sees the Board Exactly as You Designed It

Instead of simplifying the board, SMART PCB does the opposite: it uses the native electronic design data with full-fidelity detail.

Supported formats include ODB++, IPC-2581B, CCE, and more.

This means:

  • Copper planes remain copper planes
  • Trace widths stay exactly as routed
  • Thermal vias keep their exact distribution
  • The stack-up is imported exactly as designed

No reconstruction. No guesswork. No approximations.
The thermal model reflects the actual PCB, not a theoretical version of it.

How It Works

SMART PCB converts the routed PCB layout into a network of thermal resistances.
Copper regions receive low thermal resistance; dielectric regions receive higher resistance. Just like in real life, heat flows through the exact paths it would take on the physical board.

Two resolution modes are available:

  • Fine mode: maximum fidelity, ideal for critical traces
  • Averaged mode: faster computation, perfect for early-stage iterations

The equation is simple: less computation, more accuracy.

Electro-Thermal Co-Simulation: When HyperLynx PI Meets Simcenter

Because a PCB is never just thermal, SMART PCB also enables electro-thermal co-simulation with HyperLynx™ PI (DC Drop).

During each simulation cycle:

  • The thermal model sends updated temperature results
  • HyperLynx PI recalculates copper electrical resistance based on temperature
  • A new Joule heating power map is sent back to the thermal solver

You gain a fully realistic view of:

  • Current density
  • Voltage drops
  • Critical hot zones and high-stress areas that may cause failures

This is the ideal closed-loop workflow to understand why a PCB heats up — and how to prevent it.

Structural Simulation: Thermo-Mechanical Analysis Without CAD Geometry

SMART PCB also enables a full thermo-mechanical workflow in Simcenter FLOEFD:
Thermal simulation temperatures become direct input for a linear structural analysis.

➡️ The tool computes stresses, warpage, deformation…
➡️ Without ever requiring explicit CAD geometry or simplification of vias and traces.

A major time saver for reliability investigations such as:

  • PCB warpage
  • Mechanical stress failures
  • Thermal fatigue during operation or manufacturing
In Short: The PCB No Longer Hides Anything

SMART PCB transforms the way engineers predict, understand, and master the thermal behaviour of a PCB.
In a world where every watt counts and every degree can decide the fate of a product, such precision is no longer optional — it’s a strategic advantage.



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